Area A. Three natural caves (100—width 8.7 m, depth 5 m; 200—width 4.1 m, depth 3.7 m; 300—width 2.35 m, depth 2.4 m) were discovered. The caves were formed in soft friable chalk, while their ceilings were made of the hard nari above it. The caves may have been extended artificially. A mixture of earth, animal dung and rock fragments (max. thickness 0.9 m) accumulated at the bottom of each cave. Above this accumulation in Cave 100 were animal dung and ash, mixed with a scant amount of modern finds. In Cave 200, two fragments of pottery were found. It seems that the caves were used for storage or to shelter animals. Below the caves and to the west, was a long terrace-wall that delimited a cultivated plot.
 
Area B. A natural cave (400; width of opening 5.9 m, depth 2.6 m) was exposed in Area B, similar to the caves in Area A, and perhaps also artificially extended. Only the southern part of the cave was excavated, and a hearth that contained small stones and ash was discovered. Modern refuse was found in the cave, and it seems that the hearth is also modern. A wall made of medium size fieldstones was constructed across the opening of the cave. The retaining wall of the agricultural terrace, which was discovered in Area A, extended also west of Cave 400.
 
Area C (Fig. 3). A cave (L502; 2.6 × 5.0 m, average height 1.7 m; Fig. 4) that was hewn in hard limestone was exposed in this area. A courtyard (L503; 5.5 × 9.0 m) was built outside its opening. A shallow, rock-cut step (height 11 cm) led from the entrance down to the leveled rock surface of the cave. Chisel marks were visible on the walls, which were not vertical; apparently the quarrying of the cave was not completed. Alluvium, mixed with several small stones (thickness 0.35–0.45 m) and a few pottery sherds, was discovered inside the cave. The courtyard outside the cave was enclosed by a wall constructed of medium and large stones. In a later phase, the entrance to the cave was blocked with a row of large stones. The central, and largest of them, apparently fell from the rock-ceiling at the front.
 
Area D. Many rock-hewn installations were discovered on a hard limestone outcrop. A curved field wall was built on the rock. A simple winepress consisting of a treading floor (L2; 1.5 × 2.2 m; Figs. 5, 6) and a collecting vat (L3; 0.85 × 1.20 m, depth 0.92 m) connected by a channel, was found in the southern part of the area. Three rock-cut depressions (L4–L6) were exposed in the bedrock around the winepress. Depressions 5 and 6 were round, with a deep hewn sump (L5—diam. 0.65 m, depth 0.14 m; Fig. 7; L6—diam. 0.6 m, depth 0.22 m) at the bottom of each. Depression 4 was square and carelessly hewn (0.65 × 0.65 m, depth 0.19 m). These depressions were apparently used for pounding, crushing or grinding.
Several small cupmarks (L7, L8, L10–L12; diam. and depth 0.2 m; Fig. 8) were discovered in the area enclosed within the field wall, northeast of the winepress. An installation for extracting olive oil (bodeda), consisting of an oval-shaped treading floor (L9; 0.5 × 0.6 m; Figs. 8, 9) and a small circular collecting vat (diam. 0.15 m, depth 0.21 m) was revealed north of Cupmark 8. In the northeast of the area, slightly west of the ancient road, was another installation that included a square, shallow carved surface (L15; 0.6 × 0.6 m, depth c. 0.1 m; Figs. 10, 11) connected by a narrow channel to a round collecting vat (L14; diam. 0.9 m, depth c. 0.4 m). Approximately 2.4 m west of this installation was a carelessly hewn round depression (L13; diam. 1.0–1.1 m, depth 0.2 m).
 
Area E. A burial cave (Figs. 12, 13) hewn in limestone was exposed. In front of the cave was a rock-cut courtyard (L702; 1.53–1.70 × 1.9–2.0 m), where modern refuse accumulated. The cave opening (0.38 × 0.47 m) was rectangular, and led to a burial chamber (L703; c. 3.0 × 3.5 m). Traces of looting were visible in the burial chamber, which was not excavated.
 
Area F. An arched niche hewn in limestone was exposed (1.2 × 3.3 m, max. height c. 1.6 m; Figs. 14, 15). It seems that this was an unfinished quarrying of an installation or a cave. Several pottery sherds were found, and two fragments of mother-of-pearl, which are associated with the modern industry of decorative inlay that was common in the area of Bethlehem. A cross (Fig. 16) was carved in the rock surface c. 20 m southeast of the hewn niche.
 
Three cisterns with stone-covers (see Figs. 1, 2), still in use, were documented in the vicinity of the excavation area. Not far from the cistern situated south of Area F, a lime kiln that apparently dates to the Ottoman period was documented. The kiln and the nearby cistern were probably those recorded at Site 144 in the Survey of Jerusalem (Kloner 2000: Site 144). Segments of an ancient road running north–south (width 2.8–3.5 m; Fig. 17), which probably linked Umm Tuba with Beit Sahur, were documented near the excavation areas. Both sides of the road had a boundary of curbstones or retaining walls, built of large fieldstones (0.40 × 0.55 × 0.80 m).